dpkg -l | grep 5.4.0 | awk '/ii/{print $2}' | sed ':a ; N;s/\n/ / ; t a ; '
範例：查詢系統安裝了哪些跟 nvidia 有關的套件
ubuntu@guestOS:~$ dpkg -l | grep nvidia | grep ii
ii libnvidia-cfg1-460:amd64 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA binary OpenGL/GLX configuration library
ii libnvidia-common-460 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 all Shared files used by the NVIDIA libraries
ii libnvidia-compute-460:amd64 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA libcompute package
ii libnvidia-compute-460:i386 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 i386 NVIDIA libcompute package
ii libnvidia-decode-460:amd64 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA Video Decoding runtime libraries
ii libnvidia-decode-460:i386 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 i386 NVIDIA Video Decoding runtime libraries
ii libnvidia-encode-460:amd64 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVENC Video Encoding runtime library
ii libnvidia-encode-460:i386 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 i386 NVENC Video Encoding runtime library
ii libnvidia-extra-460:amd64 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 Extra libraries for the NVIDIA driver
ii libnvidia-fbc1-460:amd64 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Framebuffer Capture runtime library
ii libnvidia-fbc1-460:i386 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Framebuffer Capture runtime library
ii libnvidia-gl-460:amd64 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES GLVND libraries and Vulkan ICD
ii libnvidia-gl-460:i386 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES GLVND libraries and Vulkan ICD
ii libnvidia-ifr1-460:amd64 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Inband Frame Readback runtime library
ii libnvidia-ifr1-460:i386 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Inband Frame Readback runtime library
ii nvidia-compute-utils-460 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA compute utilities
ii nvidia-dkms-460 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA DKMS package
ii nvidia-driver-460 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA driver metapackage
ii nvidia-kernel-common-460 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 Shared files used with the kernel module
ii nvidia-kernel-source-460 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA kernel source package
ii nvidia-prime 0.8.15.3~0.18.04.1 all Tools to enable NVIDIA's Prime
ii nvidia-settings 440.82-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 Tool for configuring the NVIDIA graphics driver
ii nvidia-utils-460 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA driver support binaries
ii xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-460 460.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA binary Xorg driver
使用 awk 搜尋擷取套件名稱
ubuntu@guestOS:~$ dpkg -l | grep nvidia | awk '/ii/{print $2}'
libnvidia-cfg1-460:amd64
libnvidia-common-460
libnvidia-compute-460:amd64
libnvidia-compute-460:i386
libnvidia-decode-460:amd64
libnvidia-decode-460:i386
libnvidia-encode-460:amd64
libnvidia-encode-460:i386
libnvidia-extra-460:amd64
libnvidia-fbc1-460:amd64
libnvidia-fbc1-460:i386
libnvidia-gl-460:amd64
libnvidia-gl-460:i386
libnvidia-ifr1-460:amd64
libnvidia-ifr1-460:i386
nvidia-compute-utils-460
nvidia-dkms-460
nvidia-driver-460
nvidia-kernel-common-460
nvidia-kernel-source-460
nvidia-prime
nvidia-settings
nvidia-utils-460
xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-460
使用 sed 將列改成行，並用空格分開
ubuntu@guestOS:~$ dpkg -l | grep nvidia | awk '/ii/{print $2}' | sed ':a ; N;s/\n/ / ; t a ; '
libnvidia-cfg1-460:amd64 libnvidia-common-460 libnvidia-compute-460:amd64 libnvidia-compute-460:i386 libnvidia-decode-460:amd64 libnvidia-decode-460:i386 libnvidia-encode-460:amd64 libnvidia-encode-460:i386 libnvidia-extra-460:amd64 libnvidia-fbc1-460:amd64 libnvidia-fbc1-460:i386 libnvidia-gl-460:amd64 libnvidia-gl-460:i386 libnvidia-ifr1-460:amd64 libnvidia-ifr1-460:i386 nvidia-compute-utils-460 nvidia-dkms-460 nvidia-driver-460 nvidia-kernel-common-460 nvidia-kernel-source-460 nvidia-prime nvidia-settings nvidia-utils-460 xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-460